Idan ana maganar na'urorin auna fitar da hayaki ta atomic, yawancin mutane nan take suna tunanin ICP-AES ko kuma wataƙila na'urorin auna fitar da hayaki ta hanyar karanta kai tsaye. Ba a ambaci na'urorin auna fitar da hayaki ta arc ba. Duk da haka, a matsayina na tsohon memba na dangin na'urorin auna fitar da hayaki ta atomic, wannan fasaha ta ba da gudummawa mai yawa a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ga nazarin inganci da adadi na abubuwan da ba su da sinadarai a fannoni kamar binciken ƙasa, ƙarfe marasa ƙarfe, da kimiyyar kayan aiki.
Har ma a yau, tare da kayan aiki masu inganci da ake samu a ko'ina, fa'idodinsa - kamar nazarin samfuran foda kai tsaye da kuma yawan jin daɗi - sun sa ya zama hanyar da aka tsara don tantance azurfa, boron, da tin a masana'antar ƙasa. Ya kasance kayan aiki mai mahimmanci a dakunan gwaje-gwaje na ƙasa kuma shine hanyar da aka ba da shawarar a yau don gano abubuwan da ba su da tsabta a cikin ƙarfe masu tsabta kamar tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, da tantalum, da kuma oxides ɗinsu.
Babban siffa ta gargajiya da ke ƙara girma
Da farko, bari mu saba da “tsoffin sojoji” na nazarin fitar da iskar gas. Na'urorin auna zafin jiki na farko sun yi amfani da faranti na daukar hoto don kama hasken da ke fitowa daga iskar gas kuma ana kiransu da spectrographs. Labarin ya fara ne a shekarar 1969 lokacin da magabacin Beijing Beifen Ruili Analytical Instruments (Group) Co., Ltd.—Beijing No. 2 Optical Instrument Factory—sun samar da na'urar auna zafin jiki mai tsawon mita daya cikin nasara. Wannan samfurin ya kasance abin da aka saba gani a dakunan gwaje-gwaje da yawa a yau.
Siffar mita ɗaya
Wannan kayan aikin kamar "ƙwararren ɗakin duhu ne." Duk da cewa yana da wahalar aiki (yana buƙatar matakan sarrafa hoto), ƙwarewarsa ta musamman ta kafa harsashin nazarin arc spectral kuma ba za a iya maye gurbinsa ba a lokacin. Wataƙila kun ga manyan samfura—masu ɗaukar hoto na mita biyu tare da babban "ganga" kore.
hotunan grating na mita biyu
Yaya abin birgewa ne wannan "babban ganga" mai tsawon mita biyu na tsawon focal? Yanzu, duba wannan babban ganga a ƙasa. An ce yana da tsawon focal na mita 3.4, wanda kawai bai dace da dakin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun ba, kuma yana da babban tushen hasken motsawa.
Hotunan grating na mita 3.4
Tushen hasken motsin rai mai tsawon mita 3.4
Tsarin Samun Bayanai Mai Tsauri
Samun bayanai daga na'urar daukar hoto abu ne mai wahala da rikitarwa: bayan shirya samfurin, an yi amfani da na'urar daukar hoto. Da zarar an gama, dole ne a cire na'urar daukar hoto a kai ta wani ɗaki mai duhu. A ƙarƙashin hasken ja mai duhu, farantin ya yi girma, ya daidaita, da kuma wankewa - wani tsari iri ɗaya da ƙirƙirar hotuna baƙi da fari.
Farantin da aka sarrafa da kyau zai iya zama baƙi gaba ɗaya saboda yawan fallasawa, wanda hakan zai sa duk ayyukan da suka gabata ba su da amfani. A madadin haka, saboda matsaloli tare da mai haɓakawa ko mai gyara, farantin na iya yin duhu sosai ko haske sosai don a iya amfani da shi, wanda hakan ke tilasta sake kunnawa.
Dakin Duhu
Saboda yawan layukan fitar da hayaki mai yawa, kuna buƙatar bincika su a ƙarƙashin babban girma, kuna zaɓar layukan nazari don kowane abu da aka nufa ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Binciken adadi yana buƙatar auna yawansu ta amfani da na'urar aunawa. Ko da ga masu nazarin ƙwararru, wannan ba aiki ne mai sauƙi ba; ga masu farawa, abin ya zama mafarki mai ban tsoro. Idanu sun yi tauri daga kallon layukan, amma kaɗan ne kawai aka gano layukan nazari.
Na'urori Masu Sauya Hoto Suna Sauya Faranti Masu Hoto
Tare da ci gaban fasaha, fasahar na'urorin daukar hoto ta girma kuma ta samo aikace-aikace a fannoni daban-daban. Kamar yadda kyamarorin dijital suka maye gurbin kyamarorin fim, na'urorin daukar hoto sun kawo sauyi a fannin fitar da iskar gas ta hanyar maye gurbin faranti na daukar hoto na gargajiya. Ta amfani da tasirin daukar hoto, wadannan na'urori masu daukar hoto suna canza siginar gani zuwa siginar lantarki, a karshe suna mayar da su dijital don nuna kai tsaye akan manhajar kwamfuta - suna kawar da tsarin tattara bayanai masu wahala na na'urorin daukar hoto na gargajiya.
Babban sauyi ya faru ne tsakanin 2011 da 2014.BFRLya ƙaddamar da jerin AES-7000—wani sabon abu mai rikitarwa wanda ya haɗa nazarin arc source spectral tare da bututun photomultiplier (PMTs) don cimma "karanta kai tsaye." A ƙarshe masu amfani sun sami 'yanci daga matakai masu ɗaukar aiki kamar sarrafa faranti da auna yawan yawa, wanda ya inganta inganci sosai da kuma hanzarta ɗaukar wannan fasaha a fannin ilimin ƙasa da aikin ƙarfe.
Duk da cewa jerin AES-7000 yana da sauri, yana da iyaka—an gyara layukan siginar sa. A shekarar 2017,BFRLAn sake yin wani ci gaba tare da ƙaddamar da na'urar auna fitar da iskar gas ta zamani ta zamani, AES-8000. Wannan kayan aikin ya gaji ƙarfin na'urorin auna wutar lantarki na mita ɗaya na gargajiya - masu canza wutar lantarki ta yanzu/kai tsaye (AC/DC), tsarin hasken tabarau uku, da kuma hanyar gani ta Ebert-Fassie ta gargajiya - yayin da ake amfani da na'urar firikwensin CMOS mai aiki sosai don gano sigina. An sake tsara shi gaba ɗaya, ya sami tsalle daga "sanin yana wanzuwa" zuwa "ganin komai." Mai sauƙin aiki, sauri, da sauƙi, AES-8000 kai tsaye ya magance matsalolin masu amfani da na'urar auna fitar da iskar gas kuma cikin sauri ya zama babban samfuri a cikin sabon ƙarni na na'urorin auna fitar da iskar gas ta zamani.
✔ Nasarar Aiki: Amfani da haɗin "Ebert-Fassie optical system + CMOS detector". Ra'ayin CMOS ya ninka na CCDs na yau da kullun sau da yawa, kuma tare da fasahar da aka yi wa rijista, ana rage tsangwama a bango.
✔ Babban Kirkire-kirkire: Cikakken bincike na gaskiya. Ba wai kawai ya magance ƙalubalen masana'antu na auna abubuwa kamar azurfa, tin, da boron daidai a cikin samfuran ƙasa ba, har ma ya cika buƙatun daidaito na ƙa'idodin ƙasa.
✔ Kwarewa Mai Wayo: Daidaita wutar lantarki ta atomatik, makullan tsaro, gyaran bango na software ta atomatik - waɗannan fasalulluka masu wayo suna sa kayan aikin ba wai kawai su zama daidai ba amma kuma su fi "sauƙin amfani" da aminci.
Na'urar auna fitar da iskar AC/DC AES-8000
Kwatanta Tsakanin Tsoho da AES-8000
| Siffar Gargajiya ta Gargajiya | AES-8000 |
| Aiki mai wahala (yana buƙatar spectrography, sarrafa faranti, karanta bakan, auna yawan aiki, da sauransu) | Aiki mai sauƙi; sakamakon gwaji kai tsaye na samfurin |
| Amfani da sinadarin reagent (mai haɓakawa da mai gyara suna buƙatar shiri tare da adadi mai yawa na sinadarai) | Babu buƙatar sinadaran da ake buƙata |
| Faranti na daukar hoto abin amfani ne—masu tsada kuma marasa daidaito a inganci | Tsarin gano abubuwa ba shi da abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su; ingancin hoton yana da kyau |
| Maƙallan lantarki na yau da kullun - rashin juriyar zafi kuma yana iya lalacewa | Maƙallan lantarki masu sanyaya ruwa—dogon lokacin aiki |
| Daidaita gibin lantarki da hannu - babban saurin kamuwa da kuskuren ɗan adam | Daidaita wutar lantarki ta atomatik - babban daidaito, maimaituwa mai kyau, yana kawar da kuskuren ɗan adam |
| Babban buƙatar ƙwarewar mai nazari - yana buƙatar ƙwarewa a gano bakan, karatu, da kuma nazarin hoto | Ana sarrafa wurin aiki na software - ƙarancin buƙatar ma'aikata, mai sauƙin koyo |
| Ƙarar hayaniyar motsa jiki mai ƙarfi | Tushen tashin hankali na zamani - aiki mai natsuwa |
| Tsarin sauƙi—rashin aminci | Matakan tsaro da yawa: makullan tsaro na ɗakin aiki, sa ido ta atomatik kan ruwa mai yawo, gilashin kariya na ƙwararru daga hasken lantarki, da sauransu. |
Daga na gargajiya zuwa na kirkire-kirkire, sannan kuma ya zama na gargajiya sau ɗaya. A cikin haɓaka na'urorin auna iskar gas na arc, ƙoƙarin Beijing Beifen-Ruili Analytical Instruments (Group) Co., Ltd. yana nuna wata hanya bayyananna ta "relay na fasaha," kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar maimaita samfuransa. Ta hanyar ci gaba da inganta kansa, kamfanin ya sake farfaɗo da wata dabara ta nazari ta "tsohuwar" a zamanin fasahar fasaha mai wayo.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-28-2026